The Influence Of Free Cash Flow, Profitability and Growth Opportunity On Dividend Policy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54066/ijmre-itb.v2i3.2152Keywords:
Dividend Policy, Free Cash Flow, Profitability, Growth OpportunityAbstract
Dividends are one of the returns expected by shareholders apart from capital gains. Dividend distribution to investors gives a positive signal to investors for making investment decisions. The aim of this research is to analyze and explain the influence of free cash flow, profitability and growth opportunity on dividend policy. The number of samples in this research was 33 mining sector companies in 2018-2022. Data collection uses non-participant observation methods. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that free cash flow has a significant positive effect on dividend policy, profitability has a significant positive effect on dividend policy and growth opportunity has a significant negative effect on dividend policy. The theoretical implication of this research is to provide knowledge and strengthen dividend policy theories related to free cash flow, profitability and growth opportunity. The practical implication of this research is that information on profitability and free cash flow produced by the company is used by the company to determine future investment directions or distribute dividends to investors as a form of good perception in the eyes of investors.
References
Adelina, F., & Sasmi, AA (2023). The Influence of Profitability, Liquidity and Solvency on Entity Value with Entity Size as a Moderating Variable. Journal of Revenue: Scientific Journal of Accounting, 4(1), 160–168.
Ali, M.S. (2020). Evaluating the effectiveness of the bircl-in-hand-dividends policy stability of Jordanian listed banks. International Journal of Financial Research, 11(4), 96–110. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v11n4p96
Al-Kayed, L. T. (2017). Dividend payout policy of Islamic vs conventional banks: case of Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 10(1), 117–128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-09-2015-0102
Ananzonwu, HO, Egbunike, FC, & Echekoba, F.N. (2018). Agency Costs and Dividend Payout: A Study of Selected Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria. Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(6), 18–35. https://doi.org/10.12816/0002106
Artati, D. (2020). The Influence of Return on Assets, Size and Current Ratio on Company Value through Dividend Policy. Journal of Business, Management, and Accounting, 7(1), 111–131.
Bahri, S. (2017). Factors that Influence Dividend Policy (Study of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX). JRAK: Journal of Accounting Research and Computerized Accounting, 8(1), 63–84.
Baker, HK, Dewasiri, NJ, Yatiwelle Koralalage, WB, & Azeez, AA (2019). Dividend policy determinants of Sri Lankan firms: a triangulation approach. Managerial Finance, 45(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-03-2018-0096
Brigham, E.F., & Houston, J.F. (2019). Fundamentals of financial management.
Chandra, AA, & Darmayanti, NPA (2022). The Influence of Profitability, Liquidity, Market Valuation, and Company Size on Stock Returns. Udayana University Management E-Journal, 11(2), 358. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2022.v11.i02.p08
Cynthia, & Salim, S. (2020). The Influence of Dividend Yield, Sales Growth, Firm Value, Firm Size on Stock Returns. Journal of Accounting Paradigms, 2(4), 1540–1549.
Dewi, DK, Tanjung, AR, & Indrawati, N. (2018). Analysis of the Effect of Free Cash Flow, Investment Opportunity Set, Company Size and Managerial Ownership on Company Value with Debt Policy as a Moderating Variable (Study of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2012-2016 Period). Journal of Economics, 2, 101–121.
Diana, R. (2023). The Effect of Profitability and Liquidity on Company Value with Dividend Policy as an Intervening Variable in Mining Companies Listed on the IDX for the 2017-2020 Period. ICONOMICS: Journal of Economy and Business, 1(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.29313/iconomics.v1i1.xxx
Fama, E., & French, K. (2001). Disappering dividends: changing firm characteristics or lower propensity to pay?. Journal of Financial Economics, 60(1), 3–43.
Fanani Damayanti, T., & Anwar, M. (2022). The Influence of Profitability, Investment Decisions and Company Growth on Dividend Policy in Bank Sub-Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Scientific Journal of Management, Economics, & Accounting (MEA), 6(2), 1297–1314. www.idx.co.id
Ghozali, I. (2018). Multivariate Analysis Application with the SPSS program. Diponegoro University Publishing Agency.
Ginting, S. (2018). The Influence of Liquidity, Profitability and Leverage on Dividend Policy in LQ45 Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2012-2016 Period. Journal of Microskill Economics, 8(2), 195–204.
Guizani, M. (2017). Free Cash Flow, Agency Cost and Dividend Policy of Sharia-Compliant and Non-Sharia-Compliant firms. International Journal of Economics and Management Journal Homepage, 11(2), 355–370. http://www.econ.upm.edu.my/ijem
Gunawan, A., & Harjanto, K. (2019). The Influence of Profitability, Leverage, Company Size, Company Growth and Ownership Structure on Dividend Policy. Ultimaccounting Journal of Accounting Science, 11(1), 81–107.
Hapsari, KD, & Fidiana, F. (2021). The Influence of Free Cash Flow, Managerial Ownership, and Leverage on Dividend Policy. Journal of Accounting Science and Research (JIRA), 10(3).
Hartawan, A. (2021). The Influence of Corporate Governance, Growth Opportunities, and Capital Structure on Dividend Policy in LQ45 Companies for the 2013-2017 Period. KALBISOCIO Journal of Business and Communication, 8(1), 17–27.
Hasana, R., Mardani, MR, & Wahono, B. (2018). The Influence of Free Cash Flow, Profitability, Liquidity and Leverage on Dividend Policy in Food and Beverage Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2014-2016 Period. E-JRM: Electronic Journal of Management Research, 7(12). www.fe.unisma.ac.id
Hidayat, AR (2018). The Influence of Profitability and Liquidity on Share Prices in Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Irawan, S., & Apriwenni, P. (2021). The Influence of Free Cash Flow, Financial Distress, and Investment Opportunity Set on Earnings Management. Journal of Business Accounting, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.30813/jab.v14i1.2458
Jaara, B., Alashhab, H., & Jaara, O. (2018). The determinants of dividend policy for non-financoal companies in Jordan. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 8(2), 198–209.
Jabbouri, I. (2016). Determinants of corporate dividend policy in emerging markets: Evidence from MENA stock markets. Research in International Business and Finance, 37, 283–298.
Jasman, J., & Kasran, M. (2017). Profitability, Earnings Per Share on Stock Return with Size as Moderation. Triconomics, 16(2), 88–94.
Kafata, AAA, & Hartono, U. (2018). The Influence of Free Cash Flow, Investment Opportunity Set, and Return on Assets on the Dividend Payout Ratio in Mining Sector Companies listed on the IDX for the 2011-2015 Period. Journal of Management Science, 6(1), 1–9.
Kanakriyah, R. (2020). Dividend Policy and Companies” Financial Performance. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 531–542. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no10.531
Cashmere. (2018). Analysis of financial statements. Rajawali Press.
Ministry of Investment. (2023). Development of Investment Realization: Quarter III 2023 January-September 2023.
Khoirina, S., & Meidasari, E. (2021). The influence of Price Earning Ratio (PER), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Assets (ROA) on the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) in Real Estate and Property Companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Journal of Accounting Taxing and Auditing (JATA), 3(1), 2746–2552.
Kojongian, M. P., Mangantar, M., & Maramis, J. B. (2022). Analysis of Financial Performance Before (2019) and During the Covid-19 Pandemic (2020) in Metal and Mineral Mining Companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. EMBA Journal: Journal of Economics, Management, Business And Accounting Research, 10(1), 1545–1554.
Kowerski, M., & Haniewska, L. (2022). The Miller–Modigliani dividend irrelevance theory as a warning for investors looking for quick profits from investments in companies paying dividends. Financial Internet Quarterly, 18(4), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2022-0029
Kresna, HS, & Ardini, L. (2020). The Influence of Free Cash Flow, Profitability, Debt Policy on Dividend Policy. Journal of Accounting Science and Research (JIRA), 9(3).
Kustina, L., & Safitri, O. (2019). Dividend Policy And Capital Gains: The Effect On Stock Prices: Dividend Policy And Capital Gains: The Effect On Stock Prices. Investment Journal, 5(1), 24–37.
Le, TTH, Nguyen, X.H., & Tran, M.D. (2019). Determinants of dividend payout policy in emerging markets: Evidence from the ASEAN region. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 9(4), 531–546. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2019.94.531.546
Lee, C.-W., Hsu, H.-H., Peng, S.-J., & Nguyen, T.N.H. (2022). Exploring the Determinants of Company's Dividend Payout Policy in Vietnamese Stock Market. Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.47260/jafb/1221
Lestari, WJ (2019). The Influence of Ownership Structure, Capital Structure, Free Cash Flow on Dividend Initiation Policy. Digit Journal: Digital of Information Technology, 7(2), 192–204.
Lu, Y., Chi Chu, C., & Lin, Y.-E. (2021). Effect of Mispricing and Growth Opportunity on Dividend Policy: Evidence from Market-to-Book Ratio Decomposition. Revista Argentina de Clínica Psicológica, 30(1), 463. https://doi.org/10.24205/03276716.2020.2043
Mafiejor, MB (2021). Analysis Of Dividend Policies, Theories, And Models. International Journal of Business & Law Research, 9(3), 185–197. www.seahipaj.org
Mangeka, DP, & Rahayu, Y. (2020). The Influence of the Fraud Triangle in Detecting Financial Statement Fraud. Journal of Accounting Science and Research (JIRA), 9(2).
Maulana, M., Mahendra, W., & Purnama, L. (2022). Determinants of Profitability of Mining Companies in the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index. JAS (Journal of Sharia Accounting), 6(1), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.46367/jas.v6i1.599
Meidiawati, K. (2016). The Influence of Size, Growth, Profitability, Capital Structure, Dividend Policy on Company Value. Journal of Accounting Science and Research (JIRA), 5(2).
Mueller, D. C. (1972). A Life Cycle Theory of the Firm. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 199–219.
Narayanti, NPL, & Gayatri, G. (2020). The Influence of Dividend Policy and Profitability on LQ 45 Issuer Share Prices 2009-2018. Accounting E-Journal, 30(2), 528. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2020.v30.i02.p19
Oktaviani, RF, & Mulya, AA (2018). The Influence of Capital Structure and Profitability on Company Value with Dividend Policy as Moderation. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 7, 139–150.
Perwira, AAGAN, & Wiksuana, IGB (2018). The Influence of Profitability and Asset Growth on Dividend Policy and Company Value (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University).
Prastya, AH, & Jalil, FY (2020). The Influence of Free Cash Flow, Leverage, Profitability, Liquidity, and Company Size on Dividend Policy. Journal of Current Accounting and Business Studies, 1(1), 132–149.
Putri, NLMDP, & Wirakusuma, MG (2022). Analysis of the Influence of Tax Planning, Free Cash Flow, and Managerial Skills on Profit Management. Udayana University Economics and Business E-Journal, 11(12), 1557–1565. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/EEB/
Ratnasari, PSP, & Purnawati, NK (2019). The Influence of Profitability, Liquidity, Company Growth Rate and Leverage on Dividend Policy. Udayana University Management E-Journal, 8(10), 6179. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2019.v08.i10.p16
Risqi, UA, & Suyanto, S. (2022). The Effect of Return on Assets and Return on Equity on Company Value with Company Size as a Moderating Variable. Al-Kharaj: Journal of Sharia Economics, Finance & Business, 4(4), 1122–1133. https://doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v4i4.846
Rochmah, H.N., & Ardianto, A. (2020). Catering dividend: Premium dividend and free cash flow on dividend policy. Cogent Business and Management, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1812927
Sari, MR, Oemar, A., & Andini, R. (2016). The Influence of Company Growth, Company Size, Earning Per Share, Current Ratio, Return on Equity and Debt Equity Ratio on Dividend Policy (Study of Manufacturing Companies on the BEI 2011 - 2014). Journal Of Accounting, 2(2).
Sartono, A. (2017). Financial Management Theory and Applications (4th edition). BPFE.
Siddiq, FR, & Suseno, AE (2019). Fraud Pentagon Theory in Financial Statement Fraud in Companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) 2014-2017 Period (F-Score Model Perspective). NUSANTARA JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS, 4(2), 128–138. https://doi.org/10.29407/nusamba.v4i2.13800
Sidharta, CA, & Nariman, A. (2021). The Influence of Free Cash Flow, Collateralizable Assets, and Debt Policy on Dividend Policy. Journal of Accounting Paradigms, 3(1), 183–190.
Silaban, DP, & Purnawati, NK (2016). The Influence of Profitability, Ownership Structure, Company Growth and Business Effectiveness on Dividend Policy in Manufacturing Companies. Unud Management E-Journal, 5(2), 1251–1281.
Simbolon, K. (2017). Analysis of the Influence of Firm Size, DER, Asset Growth, ROE, EPS, Quick Ratio and Past Dividend on the Dividend Payout Ratio. Diponegoro Journal of Management, 6(3), 315–327.
Sintyana, IPH, & Artini, LGS (2018). The Influence of Profitability, Capital Structure, Company Size and Dividend Policy on Company Value (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University). https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2019.v8.i2.p7
Soewignyo, TI (2020). Analysis of the Effect of Profitability, Solvability, and Dividend Policy on Banking Firm Value. Human Behavior, Development and Society, 21, 28–37.
Suartawan, IGNPA, & Yasa, GW (2017). The Influence of Investment Opportunity Set and Free Cash Flow on Dividend Policy and Company Value. Scientific Journal of Accounting and Business, 63. https://doi.org/10.24843/jiab.2016.v11.i02.p01
Subramanyam, K. R. (2017). Financial Statement Analysis (Eleventh Edition). Salemba Four.
Suciati, NHD (2018). The Effect of Financial Ratio and Firm Size on Stock Return in Property and Real Estate Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The Indonesian Accounting Review, 8(1), 96. https://doi.org/10.14414/tiar.v8i1.1633
Sugiyanthi, NPS, Widanaputra, AAGP, Wirawati, NGP, & Rasmini, NK (2020). The Influence of Profitability and Free Cash Flow on Dividend Policy with Asset Growth as Moderating Variable. International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, 8, 283–289. www.researchpublish.com
Sulistiawati, S., Sundari, MS, & Setyaningrum, I. (2019). Analysis of the Influence of Foreign Investment, Domestic Investment and Total Exports on Indonesia's Economic Growth for the 1990-2015 Period. Calyptra: University of Surabaya Student Scientific Journal, 7(2), 4203–4216.