Penerapan Tranformasi Digital dan Hambatannya Pada Industri Kuliner di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54066/jrime-itb.v1i2.650Keywords:
digital transformation, culinary industry challenges, lack of resources, cultural changeAbstract
In this era of digitalization, business actors trying to adapt and be creative with a digital approach is a necessity. The ability of organizations to continue to survive is determined by their ability to adapt to technological advances in industry 4.0. In previous studies, many have investigated the opportunities presented by the role of digital transformation, but there are still obstacles and challenges faced in implementing this digital transformation. The culinary industry, which focuses on customer service and convenience in the process of implementing digital transformation in its business, also faces challenges in its journey. This study aims to discuss and identify obstacles and challenges faced by culinary industry players in the form of restaurants that are transitioning to implementing digital transformation in their services. Qualitative research methods were used in this study by conducting semi-structured interviews with owners, managers and employees in the culinary industry in several cities in Indonesia. Data collection based on empirical reviews and theoretical theories: lack of knowledge, lack of resources and cultural change. Empirical findings in the study show that most restaurants that are implementing digital transformation face challenges in terms of lack of resources, cultural change and lack of knowledge. The implications of this research can provide an overview for practitioners regarding the obstacles and challenges that restaurants will face in the process of implementing digital transformation in their business. This research can also be used as literature to fill the gaps that exist in the obstacles and challenges of digital transformation, especially in business.
References
Accenture. What is digital transformation? https://www.accenture.com/us-en/insights/digital-transformation-index (diakses 26 Juni 2023)
Amit, R., & Zott, C. (2001). Value creation in e-business. Strategic Management Journal, 22(6–7), 493–520.
Ana, A,. Dwiyanti, Vina., Nikmawati, Ellis E., Subekti, Sri., Murniati, Dewi Eka. (2019). Competences of Industry 4.0: Is the importance of Leadership in the Food Service Industry? Proceedings of the 1st Vocational Education International Conference (VEIC 2019). 10.2991/assehr.k.191217.044
Andarwati, Mardiana & Amrullah, Fikri & Thamrin, Elfirahmi & Muslikh, Ahmad. (2020). An Analysis of Point of Sales (POS) Information Systems in SMEswith The Black Box Testing and PIECES Method. IOSR Journal of Business and Management. 22. 20-25. 10.9790/487X-2209052025.
Arantes, Rita & Pereira, Michele Morais & Castro, Cleber & Mineiro, Andrea & Oliveira, José. (2021). Digital transformation and organizational knowledge: A systematic literature review. Contextus - Revista Contemporânea de Economia e Gestão. 19. 316-329. 10.19094/contextus.2021.71301.
Berghaus, S. and Back, A. 2016. Stages in Digital Business Transformation: Results of an Empirical Maturity Study. In: Tenth Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems (MCIS) Proceedings. Paphos, Cyprus, September 2016. St. Gallen: University of St. Gallen.
Bolisani, Ettore & Bratianu, Constantin. (2018). The Elusive Definition of Knowledge. 10.1007/978-3-319-60657-6_1.
Boneva, Miroslava. (2018). Challenges Related to the Digital Transformation of Business Companies.
Bratianu, Constantin. (2015). Organizational Knowledge Dynamics: Managing Knowledge Creation, Acquisition, Sharing, and Transformation. 10.4018/978-1-4666-8318-1.
Brennen, J. S., & Kreiss, D. (2016). Digitalization. The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy,1–11.
Brunetti, Federico & Matt, Dominik & Bonfanti, Angelo & Longhi, Alberto & Pedrini, Giulio & Orzes, Guido. (2020). Digital transformation challenges: strategies emerging from a multi-stakeholder approach. The TQM Journal. ahead-of-print. 10.1108/TQM-12-2019-0309.
Buck, Christoph., Clarke, John., de Oliveira, Rui Torres., Desouza, Kevin C., Maroufkhani, Parisa. (2023). Digital transformation in asset-intensive organisations: The light and the dark side. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, Volume 8, Issue 2, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2023.100335.
business transformation. Harvard Business Press
Cancialosi, Chris. (2017). Why Culture Is The Heart Of Organizational Innovation. https://www.forbes.com/sites/chriscancialosi/2017/02/07/why-culture-is-the-heart-of-organizational-innovation/?sh=4f48eb83f4d7 (diakses 26 Juni 2023)
Cannon, Liam. December 9, 2016. Restaurant Technology Trends in 2017: Online Ordering, Mobile Pay, and More. https://www.bizimply.com/blog/restaurant-technology-trends/ (diakses 23 Juni 2023)
Casadesus-Masanell, R., & Ricart, J. E. (2010). From strategy to business models and onto tactics. Long Range Planning, 43(2–3), 195–215.
Chen, Chun-Liang & Lin, Yao Chin & Chen, Wei-Hung & Chao, Cheng-Fu & Pandia, Henry. (2021). Role of Government to Enhance Digital Transformation in Small Service Business. Sustainability. 13. 1028. 10.3390/su13031028.
Clohessy, T., Acton, T. and Morgan, L., (2017). The impact of cloud-based digital transformation on IT service providers: evidence from focus groups. International Journal of Cloud Applications and Computing (IJCAC), 7(4), pp.1-19
Gallagher, Sean & Brown, Chris & Brown, Linden. (2008). A strong market culture drives organizational performance and success. Employment Relations Today. 35. 25 - 31. 10.1002/ert.20185.
Guzmán, Valeria & Muschard, Bernd & Gerolamo, Mateus & Kohl, Holger & Rozenfeld, Henrique. (2020). Characteristics and Skills of Leadership in the Context of Industry 4.0. Procedia Manufacturing. 43. 543-550. 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.02.167.
Hadiono, Kristophorus & Murti, Hari. (2021). Artikel Transformasi Digital. Proceeding SENDIU 2021 ISBN: 978-979-3649-72-6
Hadiono, Kristophorus. (2020). Menyongsong Transformasi Digital. Proceeding SENDIU 2020 ISBN: 978-979-3649-72-6
Harto, Kasinyo. (2018). Tantangan Dosen Ptki Di Era Industri 4.0. Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Pendidikan E ISSN: 2503-4510 Volume 16, No. 1.
Highlight Media. (5 September 2019). Pengaruh Teknologi Digital pada Industri Kuliner. https://highlight.id/author/highlight-media/ (diakses 26 Juni 2023)
Jamaluddin, & Sulistianto, & Marthalia, Debby & Wikansari, Rinandita & Fachrurazi, Fachrurazi & Hiswanti, & Indrayani, Etin & Zein, Afrizal & Khasanah, & Veza, Okta. (2022). Transformasi Digital Dalam Dunia Bisnis. Penerbit: Cendikia Mulia Mandiri. ISBN: 978-623-99800-5-4
Jasonos, M., & McCormick, R. (2017). Technology Integration for Restaurants & Hospitality Industry in the Year 2025. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/84801033.pdf (diakses 25 Juni 2023)
Kane, G. C., Palmer, D., Philips, A. N., Kiron, D., & Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte University Press, 14,1–25.
Kane, G., Palmer, D., Phillips, A. Et Al. 2017. Achieving Digital Maturity. Research Report Summer 2017. Mit Sloan Management Review & Deloittee University Press
Kosasi, S. (2019). Perancangan Sistem Informasi Integrasi Aplikasi Point of Sale Mini Market. TECHSI-Jurnal Teknik Informatika, 7(1), 69-102.
Kraus, Sascha & Jones, Paul & Kailer, Norbert & Weinmann, Alexandra & Chaparro-Banegas, Nuria & Roig-Tierno, Norat. (2021). Digital Transformation: An Overview of the Current State of the Art of Research. SAGE Open. 11. 10.1177/21582440211047576.
Kumala, S. L. (2022). Perkembangan Ekonomi Berbasis Digital Di Indonesia. Journal of Economics and Regional Science, 1(2), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.52421/jurnalesensi.v1i2.190
Kutnjak, Ana. (2021). Covid-19 Accelerates Digital Transformation in Industries: Challenges, Issues, Barriers and Problems in Transformation. IEEE Access. PP. 1-1. 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3084801.
Lee, Craig & Hallak, Rob & Sardeshmukh, Shruti. (2016). Innovation, entrepreneurship, and restaurant performance: A higher-order structural model. Tourism Management. 53. 215-228. 10.1016/j.tourman.2015.09.017. (diakses melalui: https://daneshyari.com/article/preview/1011847.pdf)
Li, J., and J. Wang. (2021). Does the Technological Diversification and R&D Internationalization of eMNCs Promote Enterprise Innovation? Journal of Global Information Management, 29 (5): 1–19. doi:10.4018/JGIM.20210901.oa1
Lichtenthaler, Ulrich. (2019). Building Blocks of Successful Digital Transformation: Complementing Technology and Market Issues. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management. 17. 10.1142/S0219877020500042.
Lorenz, Rafael & Benninghaus, Christoph & Friedli, Thomas & Netland, Torbjørn. (2020). Digitization of manufacturing: the role of external search. International Journal of Operations & Production Management. ahead-of-print. 10.1108/IJOPM-06-2019-0498.
Mikalef, Patrick & Parmiggiani, Elena. (2022). An Introduction to Digital Transformation. 10.1007/978-3-031-05276-7_1.
Muhittin, Cavusoglu. (2019). An Analysis of Technology Applications in the Restaurant Industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 10(1):45-72. doi: 10.1108/JHTT-12-2017-0141
Najat, Benhamou. (2017). Importance of Customer Knowledge in Business Organizations. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 7. 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3449.
Nambisan, S., Lyytinen, K., Majchrzak, A., and Song, M. (2017).Digital innovation management: Reinventing innovation management research in a digital world. MIS Quarterly, 41, 223–236.
Ninemeier, J.D. & D.K. Hayes. (2006). Hotel Operations Managament. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
Nugrahani. Farida (2014). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Solo : Cakrabooks.
Pagani, M., & Pardo, C. (2017). The impact of digital technology on relationships in a business network. Industrial Marketing Management, 67, 185–192.
Pahami Kunci Keberhasilan Transformasi Digital Agar Tak Gagal! https://masterkinerja.asia/2023/03/10/kunci-keberhasilan-transformasi-digital/ (diakses 23 Juni 2023)
Palar, Freny Prilly., Djawa, Djibrel., Lumata, Arthur. (2016). Pengaruh Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Micros Pos (Point Of Sales) Terhadap Efisiensi Pelayanan Karyawan Di Restoran. Jurnal Hospitaliti Dan Pariwisata. Vol 3 No 1
Permana, Erwin & Santoso, Rukun & Murdani, & Purwoko, Bambang. (2022). Building Culinary Business Performance during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Transformational Leadership as a Trigger through Digital Capabilities. Journal of Culinary Science & Technology. 1-21. 10.1080/15428052.2022.2040679.
Permana, SDH & Faisal. (2015). Analisa Dan Perancangan Aplikasi Point Of Sale (POS) Untuk Mendukung Manajemen Hubungan Pelanggan. Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer, 2(1), 20-28.
PERMEN No.21 Tahun 2021. https://jdih.kemenparekraf.go.id/asset/data_puu/2021PMParekraf004.pdf (diakses 23 Juni 2023)
Puhovichova, Diana & Jankelova, Nadezda. (2021). Leadership in Conditions of Industry 4.0. SHS Web of Conferences. 115. 03013. 10.1051/shsconf/202111503013.
Putri, N. I., Herdiana, Y., Suharya, Y., & Munawar, Z. (2021). Kajian Empiris Pada Transformasi Bisnis Digital (Vol. 7, Issue 1).
Remane, G., Hanelt, A., Nickerson, R. C., & Kolbe, L. M. (2017). Discovering digital business models in traditional industries. Journal of Business Strategy, 38(2), 41–51
Royyana, A. (2018). Strategi Transformasi Digital Pada PT. Kimia Farma (Persero) TBK. In Jurnal Sistem Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat Journal of Information Systems for Public Health (Vol. 3, Issue 3).
Schein, E. H. (2004). Organizational culture and leadership (John Willey & Sons Inc, San Francisco.
Shayah, Hazem & Zehou, Sun. (2019). Organizational culture and innovation: A literature review. 10.2991/icecsd-19.2019.58.
Smith, Jack. (2022). Digital Transformation: Evolution or Revolution?. https://www.isa.org/intech-home/2022/december-2022/columns/digital-transformation-evolution-or-revolution (diakses 26 Juni 2023)
Suharianto, & Pambudi, Lukman & Rahagiyanto, Angga & Suyoso, Gandu. (2020). Implementasi QR Code untuk Efisiensi Waktu Pemesanan Menu Makanan dan Minuman di Restoran maupun Kafe. BIOS : Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Rekayasa Komputer. 1. 35-39. 10.37148/bios.v1i1.7.
Suwarni, Emi., Sdyasturi, Kristina., Mirza, Haidar. (2019). Peluang Dan Hambatan Pengembangan Usaha Mikro Pada Era Ekonomi Digital. Jurnal IKRAITH-EKONOMIKA vol 2 Nomor 2.
Syarifudin, G., & Kosasi, S. (2015). Perancangan Aplikasi Point of Sale Dalam Pemesanan Menu Restoran. SEMNASTEKNOMEDIA ONLINE, 3(1), 1-2
Teece, D. J. (2010). Business models, business strategy and innovation. Long Range Planning, 43(2–3), 172–194.
Teichert, Roman. (2019). Digital Transformation Maturity: A Systematic Review of Literature. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis. 67. 1673-1687. 10.11118/actaun201967061673.
The Enterprisers Project. What is digital transformation? https://enterprisersproject.com/what-is-digital-transformation (diakses 23 Juni 2023)
Vidas-Bubanja, Marijana & Bubanja, Iva. (2017). The challenge of going digital. Journal of Engineering Management and Competitiveness. 7. 126-136. 10.5937/jemc1702126V.
Westerman, G. and Mc-Afee, A. 2012. The digital advantage: How digital leaders outperform their peers in every industry. Capgemini Consulting
Westerman, G., Bonnet, D. and McAfee, A.( 2014). Leading digital: Turning technology into
Wiig, Karl Martin. (1993). Knowledge Management Foundations : Thinking about Thinking : How People and Organizations Create, Represent and Use Knowledge / K.M. Wiig.